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保險公司陰招簽死約

(MANULIFE (INTERNATIONAL) LIMITED v CHONG WAI LING [2018] HKCA 86)

喺普通法而言,合約係應該履行嘅,如果有一方違約,法庭應該盡量令雙方變成彷彿冇違約嘅狀況。所以一般而言,合約係唔容許 "penalty clause" 嘅,即係就算有人違約,都只能追討「假如冇違約」嘅差價。

例如一個簡單合約,甲買隻杯俾乙。如果隻杯原來爛嘅,咁甲違約就要賠返杯嘅價錢,但如果合約話「違約者賠三百萬元」就冇效,因為係 penalty clause。

同樣地,僱傭合約唔可以寫「某某同意為僱主之員工三年,如果期間辭職,交還所有工資」。[1]

不過原來某國際知名保險公司 (almost) exac7ly 做咗呢件事,個 "penalty clause" 仲要有效𠻹。

點做?原來係用幾個 contract。將「工資」當成「借貸」,每個月俾幾萬蚊你,只係「借」嘅,做足 N 年就唔使「還」。真正工作嘅內容喺另一份 contract,兩者分開,而你辭職唔算「違約」,所以就冇 "penalty clause" 嘅問題嘞!

聽落好撚離譜,如果所有人都咁樣去製作「變相 penalty clause」,咁本身條 rule 仲有意義咩?真係唔知上訴庭點解唔介入,不過亦都有可能係個 counsel 唔夠班,班青天大老爺冇咩興趣為單咁嘅case得罪大行律師兼夾upset整個保險業行之有效嘅運作。

不過事主就慘慘喇,幫間公司做咗差唔多三年嘢,最後份「糧」竟然要嘔返出嚟。相信事主遞信嗰下,公司都係粒聲唔出,「哦你辭職呀?好呀。」然後辦好晒手續先至寄張(幾乎)一百萬嘅欠單俾你。嘿嘿。

嗱,唔係開名話邊個,只不過個 case 名就叫 MANULIFE (INTERNATIONAL) LIMITED v CHONG WAI LING [2018] HKCA 86。

PS: 事主話簽約嗰陣公司代表冇提到合約係「借貸形式」去「出糧」,自己唔知原來做唔夠年數辭職要嘔返晒份「糧」出嚟。睇個勢都係真(否則唔會咁笨柒?),但都係嗰句,簽約嗰陣真係要小心啲。

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[1] 我斷估唔得,望落去唔多得。不過冇 authority,9up 唔使引案例 :0)

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